虚 拟 语 气 总 览

功夫英语 王培同

1. 英语中的三种语气

英语共有三种语气，陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用来讲述事实，有肯定、否定、询问和感叹等形式，谓语动词有人称、时态和数的变化；祈使语气用于提出请求、建议、劝告、命令和警告等，以动词原形起句，否定式句前加Don’t；虚拟语气表示说话人所言内容不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令或猜测，有时只是说话者的主观愿望，或表达他/她的强烈情感，谓语动词用特殊形式。

2. 非真实条件句的虚拟语气

条件从句

主句



过去

had done

would/should/might/could/ought to have done



现在

did（be用were）

would/should/might/could/ought to do



将来

1、did

2、should do

3、were to do

would/should/might/could/ought to do



 巧计主句中五个虚拟引导词：MS COW(奶牛女士)：might, should, could, ought to, would

2.1. 与过去事实相反

1). If I had had much money at that time, I would have bought you what you want.

2). If you had been more careful, the mistake might have been avoided.

3). If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.

4). We wouldn’t have succeeded if it had not been for their help.

5). If you had been here yesterday, you would have met the film star.

6). If I had known more about giving first aid, I could have helped them.

7). If you had got up earlier, you would have caugh