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素能提升演练（二十一）

选修7 Unit 21

Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空

1. The local people are _______ to building the new hotel because of the great cost. (oppose)

2. We should be _______ to our friends. (faith)

3. It is a _______ to be invited to speak here. (privileged)

4. The sports meeting of our school is held _______ . (annual)

5. Our English teacher won’t _______ any cheating in exams. (tolerate)

6. The boy didn’t go home at the usual time and his parents were _______ about his safety. (concern)

7. Smoking is strictly _______ in the process of handling explosive material. (prohibit)

8. The driver was punished for _______ the traffic rules. (violate)

9. They can’t have _______ how things will turn out. (foresee)

10. The sports meeting was _______ because of rain. (postpone)

Ⅱ．单项填空

1. When we talk about breaking records, we _______ the issue of performance- enhancing drugs.

A. come about B. come across

C. come around D. come along

2. It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested _______.

A. in advance B. by chance

C. at random D. at all costs

3. The city is well known for its education of good quality, however, its standards of education have _______ in recent years.

A. distributed B. contributed

C. cancelled D. declined

4. When you are older and experience more of life, you will be better mentally _______ to deal with whatever happens.

A. offered B. provided C. equipped D. supplied

5. ［2012唐山模拟］Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _______ in a short period.

A. improved B. improving

C. to improve D. improve

6．It was too hard for the firefighters to get close to the burning building. All their attempts to rescue the people trapped were _______.

A. in vain B. in return

C. in place D. in danger

7. The old lady came to the police station and claimed _______ of her purse when she was shopping.

A. to be robbed B. to be robbing

C. to rob D. to have been robbed

8. Nobody can _______ his rude behavior, and that’s why he has no friends.

A. accustom B. understand

C. cover D. tolerate

9. It was an unpopular decision to postpone _______ the new school.

A. building B. to build

C. having built D. to have built

10. I fear that a prior engagement will _______ me from joining you at dinner.

A. disagree B. prohibit

C. gather D. produce

11. He told us that he was going to Beijing to _______ his fortune.

A. seek B. research

C. pick D. earn

12. ［2012福州模拟］Each member country of WTO must _______ its laws and regulations and compete on the principle of fairness and cooperation.

A. cater to B. correspond to

C. relate to D. submit to

13. Does the common man _______ the idea of political union between European countries?

A. deliver B. oppose C. smooth D. equal

14. You must try to _______ the memory of these terrible events.

A. make out B. wipe out

C. pick out D. work out

15. We have lost _______ in him and mistrusted him.

A. dependence B. faith

C. belief D. confidence

Ⅲ. 课文填词

The Olympic spirit has been 1. _______ (违反) by the desire to succeed at all costs. Now records have fallen in track and field 2. d to better equipment, training and diet 3. _______ the first Olympic Games. But we come across the issue of performance-enhancing drugs, which is known 4. _______ doping. Some athletes who 5. _______ (滥用) the drugs risk facing serious health problems in later life. They 6. s to achieve beyond their natural limits. It is 7. _______ (强制的) for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested 8. _______ random. What’s worse, “gene-therapy” will be the next big threat. In the future, athletes 9. w have their genes changed might be able to do better than they should be. So 10. _______ doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.

Ⅳ．阅读理解

(A)

Each cell in the human body contains about 25, 000 to 35, 000 genes, which carry information that determines your traits. Traits are characteristics you inherit from your parents; this means your parents pass some of their characteristics on to you through genes. For example, if both of your parents have green eyes, you might inherit the trait of green eyes from them. Or if your mom has freckles(雀斑), you might inherit that trait and wind up with a freckled face. And genes aren’t just in humans — all animals and plants have genes, too.

Genes hang out all lined up on thread-like things called chromosomes(染色体). Chromosomes come in pairs, and there are hundreds, sometimes thousands of genes in one chromosome. The chromosomes and genes are made of DNA, which is short for deoxyribo nucleic acid.

Chromosomes are found inside cells, the very small units that make up all living things. A cell is so tiny that you can only see it through the lens of a strong microscope, and there are billions of cells in your body. Most cells have one nucleus. The nucleus, which is sort of egg-shaped, is like the brain of the cell. It tells every part of the cell what to do. How does the nucleus know so much? It contains our chromosomes and genes. Tiny as it is, the nucleus has more information in it than the biggest dictionary you’ve ever seen.

1. What does the underlined word “inherit” probably mean in the first paragraph?

A. carry B. send C. obtain D. pass

2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The parents pass some characteristics on to their children.

B. All living things receive traits from the old generations.

C. One’s green eyes might be passed on from the parents.

D. A mother’s freckled face might affect her young’s face.

3. From the passage we can know that _______.

A. genes can decide all your characteristics from parents

B. genes exist inside cells that make up all living things

C. genes tell every part of the cell what to do

D. chromosomes come in pairs containing genes

4. From the passage we can conclude that _______.

A. not all cells have one nucleus inside

B. not all living things are made up of cells

C. genes aren’t in humans but in animals and plants

D. DNA is made of chromosomes and genes

(B)

［2012南昌模拟］

Young women are more adventurous than young men when travelling abroad in gap years. One in three female backpackers visits more than three countries during a year out and travels alone, according to new research.

By contrast, the majority of their male counterparts visit only one country and tend to travel in groups, says a survey by the Gap Year company, which provides information and services for students considering taking a year out.

More women than men say that their prime reason for taking time off is to see the world and experience different cultures. Men were more likely to rank“having fun” higher on their list of preferences. Women were more likely to value the challenge of a foreign trip, and many cited reasons such as learning a language and meeting new people.

The more adventurous gap years taken by women seem to work to their benefit; more than three quarters of those surveyed reported increased confidence, self-reliance and independence, whereas only half of the men had that experience.

The research also showed that women were more likely to do voluntary work while travelling, with more than one in ten helping with teaching or development projects. One of the reasons given for this is a wish to see the country in an authentic light.

A greater proportion(比例)of women than men faced objections or criticism from their families over their gap-year plans. Among the men surveyed, lack of money was the main barrier to travel.

Carolyn Martin, a doctor from London, was a typically confident female traveller. Starting in Cape Town, she travelled around southern Africa and Australia with a string of unusual and sometimes dangerous jobs.

“I had one job chasing elephants off the runway in Africa by banging a stick against a pan，” she recalled. “It was OK but one day I did get chased by one. ”

She said that she had travelled alone because “you meet more people”．

5. By referring to “gap year”, the writer means _______.

A．a gap you come across after leaving high school

B．a time when you are caught in a dilemma between work and study

C．a period before you find a job upon your graduation from college

D．a year off between high school and college for certain purposes

6．According to the article, _______.

A．most of the women students will travel abroad during the summer holidays

B．one third of the women students will travel abroad in a year

C．women students are more likely to travel abroad alone in gap years

D．women students are willing to travel abroad in groups

7．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Men students will travel less during the gap year because of their part-time jobs.

B．Women students will travel more in gap years but face more objections over their gap-year plans.

C．The article suggests that women travelling alone will have dangerous experiences.

D．Men students prefer to travel inside their own country rather than go abroad.

8．Which of the following would be the best title of the article?

A．Girls Get the Best out of Gap Years

B．Boys Lack Courage in Gap Years

C．For Fun or for Adventure?

D．Young Women Are More Adventurous

答案解析

Ⅰ．1. opposed 2. faithful 3. privilege 4. annually

5. tolerate 6. concerned 7. prohibited 8. violating

9. foreseen 10. postponed

Ⅱ．1.【解析】选B。句意：当我们谈论破纪录的时候，我们碰巧谈论到兴奋剂的话题。come about发生；come across偶遇；come around顺便来访；come along出现；进展。

2.【解析】选C。句意：获胜者要被强制性地检查，而其他参与者只是被随意地检查。in advance提前；by chance偶然地；at random 随意地；at all costs无论如何。

【变式备选】

He can’t make both ends meet due to spending money _______.

A．at all B．at most

C．at random D．at length

【解析】选C。句意：由于随意花钱，他不能量入为