江苏省泗阳中学2013届高三“艺体类”专项复习：阅读专题六

教学素材：



Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close.

When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday.

Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist, had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the stranger he realized Jim's case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died. Jim's father was 48.

“I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father,” Dr. Smoller says. “He felt that if he had not asked him to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation was the trial he had expected for forty years. “Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48.

Jim's case shows the powerful role that attitude plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim's, studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and mental illness.

1. Jim was sent back to operation because ________.

A. his heart didn't work well B. he expected a full recovery

C. his life was drawing to a close D. the first one wasn't well performed

2. What made Dr. Smoller feel strange about Jim's case?

A. Jim died at a young age.

B. Jim died on the operating table.

C. Both Jim and his father died of the same disease.

D. Jim's death is closely connected with his father's.

3. From Smoller’s words, we can infer that ________.

A. Jim's father cared little about his study

B. Smoller agreed that Jim did kill his father

C. Jim thought he would be punished some day

D. Smoller believed Jim wouldn't live to the age of 48

4. Which of the following could have strong effect on one's physical health according to the text?

a. One’s genes. b. One’s life in childhood. c. One’s physical education.

d. The date of one’s birthday. e. The opinions one has about something.

A. a, b, d B. a, b, e C. a, c, e D. b, c, d

5. Which of the following is true?

A. Both Jim and his father died at the age of 48.

B. Jim often asked his father to do his homework.

C. Jim was believed to kill his father.

D. Most childhood events can cause cancer, heart disease and mental illness.

教学步骤：

（一）例题感悟

本文通过Jim个人的例子说明了人们儿童时代的经历会很大程度上影响他成年以后的健康状况和心理。

（二）解题分析与学法指导

1. A 细节理解题。从第二段第二句得知，Jim手术后心脏跳动得不是很好，所以又匆忙地回医院再做手术。

2. D 推理判断题。从第三段的最后一句话可以得知，Jim的爸爸也是在48岁那年死于心脏病。而这正是让这位大夫感到奇怪的地方。

3. C 推理判断题。文中的第四段中说Jim一直觉得是他自己害死了他的爸爸，作为报应、惩罚，他也应该活到48岁。这句话证明了题中的C项Jim一直觉得他总有一天将会受到惩罚。

4. B 细节理解题。文章的第五段中说一个人的态度、童年时期的经历和他的基因共同决定了一个人的心理健康状况。

5. A 细节理解题。根据第二、三段末句得知。

（三）基础与巩固训练

Cyberspace, data superhighway, multimedia, for those who have seen the future, and the linking of computers, televisions and telephones will change our lives for ever. Yet for all the talks of a forthcoming technological utopia, little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As for all the new high technology, the West concerns itself with the “how”, while the question of “for whom” is put aside once again.

Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communication revolution has affected the world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade and exchange, interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets — with a destructive impact on the have-nots.

For them the result is unstable. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As “futures” are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.

So what are the options of regaining control？One alternative for developing countries is to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries’ economies.

Communication technology is generally exported from the US, Europe or Japan；the patents, skills and ability remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, therefore imported products and services must be bought on credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain.

1. From the passage we know that the development of high technology is in the interests of________.

A．the rich countries B．scientific development

C．the local elites D．the world economy

2．It can be inferred from the passage that________.

A．international trade should be expanded

B．the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration

C．the exports of the poor countries should be increased

D．communication technology in developing countries should be modernized

3．Why does the author say that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?

A．Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market.

B．Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.

C．Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.

D．Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.

4．The development of modern communication technology in developing countries may________.

A．hinder their industrial production

B．cause them to lose control of their trade

C．force them to reduce their share of exports

D．cost them their economic independence

5．The author’s attitude towards the communication revolution is________.

A．positive B．critical

C．indifferent D．tolerant

[答案及解析] 1—5ABADB

1. 答案　A

解析　考查推理判断。文章第一段最后一句指出,西方国家关心的是自己“如何”利用这些新技术,而这些新技术“为谁”的问题再一次被抛到了一边；第二段最后一句则说,电子经济让拥有这项技术的国家加强了对全球市场的控制,而对没有这一技术的国家产生了破坏性的影响。因此可以推断出这些技术代表的是西方发达国家的利益。

2．答案　B

解析　考查推理判断。文章第一段第二句指出“...little attention has been given to ... the poor”, 即很少有人注意这些发展对穷人的意义。而由后文的论述可以看出这里的“穷人”指的就是发展中国家,因此这句话的意思实际上就是这些发展并没有顾及发展中国家的利益。

3．答案　A

解析　考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“...allows the haves to increase their control

on global markets...”以及后文的论述可以看出,这里的“the haves”指的就是西方发达

国家,因此答案为A项。

4．答案　D

解析　考查细节理解。文章第四段最后一句说“Yet this leads to long-term dependency...

economies (然而这会导致长期的依赖,也许会对发展中国家的经济产生永久性的制

约)”,也就是说会使发展中国家失去经济独立。

5．答案　B

解析　考查作者态度。本题较为简单,通过文中措辞,如第一段“little attention has...for

the poor”；第二段“Economists are only now realizing...”；第三段“For them the result is

unstable.”等不难看出作者对这种代表着发达国家利益、不顾及发展中国家利益的通讯革命是持批评态度的,故选B；误选C项和D项是由于不理解词义所造成的。