兰州一中2016届高三第三次模拟考试试题

英 语

说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时指教答题卡。

第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

The iPhone, the iPad, each of Apple's products sounds cool and has become a fad (一时的风尚).

Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter "i" - and many other brands are following suit. The BBC's iPlayer - which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet -adopted the title in 2008. A lovely bear - popular in the US and UK - that plays music and video is called "iTeddy".

A slimmed-down version of London's Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name "i".

In general, single-letter prefixes (前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came into use.

Most "i" products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent's "i", it's no surprise that they've selected this fashionable name.

But it's hard to see what's so special about the letter "i". Why not use "a", "b", or "c" instead?

According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King's College, London, "i" works because its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses "i", no one knows whether it means Internet, information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. "Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn't have one clear definition," he says.

"However, thanks to Apple, the term is now associated with portability (轻便) ."adds Thorne.

Clearly the letter "i" also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual.

Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.

Along with "Google" and "blog", readers of BBC Magazines voted "i" as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade.

But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with "2000" in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern.

However, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared.

1. People use iPlayer to __________.

A. listen to music B. make a call

C. watch TV programs online D. read newspapers

2. We can infer that the Independent's "i" is aimed at __________.

A. young readers B. old readers

C. fashionable women D. engineers

3. Nowadays, the "i" term often reminds people of the products which are __________.

A. portable B. environmentally friendly

C. advanced D. recyclable

4. The writer suggests that __________.

A. "i" products are often of high quality

B. iTeddy is alive bear

C. the letter "b" replaces letter "i" to name the products

D. the popularity of "i" products may not last long

B

In the story told by the Roman poet Ovid, Pygmalion is a sculptor who falls in love with a statue he has created. Bernard Shaw borrowed the theme for his play Pygmalion—later turned into the musical My Fair Lady--- in which Professor Henry Higgins changes the Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle, and loves her even as he teaches her how to speak proper English.

Psychologists, too, have picked up the theme, researching what they call the “Pygmalion effect”. The finding, as social psychologist Robert Rosenthal puts it, is that “what one person expects of another can come to serve as a self-fulfilling(应验的) prediction.” Rosenthal and his coauthor Lenore Jacobson created the term to describe the amazing results of an experiment they carried out in a California school in 1965. Students took a test that was said to be able to identify “growth spurters”---those who were to make great progress academically. Teachers were given the names of pupils who were about to progress intellectually--- and sure enough, these students showed a significantly greater gain in performance over their classmates when tested again at the end of the year.

But here is the thing: the “spurters” were actually chosen at random. The only difference between them and their classmates, Rosenthal writes, “was in the mind of the teachers.” And yet the expectations held in the mind of the teachers can make a big difference.

Just how do high expectations promote greater achievement? It’s not some magical act. Rather, it is higher expectations that lead teachers to act differently in some special ways to encourage students. So by changing our behavior and believing our students have great potential, we can help our students realize their potential.

5. The author of the play Pygmalion got inspiration from ______.

A. the musical MY Fair Lady B. some psychologists’ research

C. a Roman story told by Ovid D. a professor’s love story in England

6. Why did the “spurters” make great progress in the experiment?

A. they were chosen at random

B. they were more confident than their classmates

C. they received high expectations

D. There was some magic in teachers’ behavior

7. The experiment conducted in 1965 ______.

A. is an example of the “Pygmalion effect” B. improved all the students’ grades

C. had normal results predicted by teachers D. identified growth spurters successfully

8. For whom was the text probably written?

A. Teachers B. Students C. Researchers D. Writers

C

Genetically Modified (GM) food is unfortunately becoming more popular amongst farmers and food processors. Crops are being genetically modified to resist insects, plant diseases, insecticides(杀虫剂). Plants are also modified to look bigger and better. Unfortunately the end goal isn’t providing nutrition for people, it’s to increase profit margins and to make food look better. In fact many modern fruits and vegetables are twice the size of what they used to be while having far less vitamins, and not tasting good either. Now research is showing that genetically modified food might even be bad for you.

GM organisms are organisms that have genes inserted into their DNA in order to offer certain characteristics. In this way you can make it better, or make it last longer.

Jeffrey M. Smith has published a study about the dangers of GM food. It was discovered that when GM soy was fed to female rats they found that all their young died within 3 weeks compared to a natural 10% death rate. Their young were also born smaller and they later had problems becoming pregnant. A study of pigs found that they also became infertile(不育) after eating GM corn.

Many people are eating GM food without even realizing it. The solution to this problem is simple. Human beings existed in their current form for hundreds of thousands of years. For most of that time we ate a diet consisting of meat, fruit, vegetable, fish, eggs and nuts. This is our optimal diet which leads us to live a healthy and long life. But over the last 30 years North America has experienced diabetes, cancer and heart disease. All due to the misinformation provided by groups who work on behalf of the manufacturers of GM food. The way to avoid obesity, heart disease and cancer is by eating like our stone-age ancestors.

9. According to the author, what ultimately inspired the popularity of GM crops?

A. Rich nutrition. B. Unique taste.

C. High profits. D. Energy saving

10. What had we better do if we want to stay healthy according to the text?

Eat more fruit. B. Be vegetarians.

C. Eat more grains. D. Keep traditional diet.

11. The text is organized in the form of ________.

time and events B. cause and effect

C. reasoning and argument D. contrast and comparison

12. We can infer that the lobby groups (in Paragraph 4) are people who are ______.

A. scientists who give out false information because of carelessness

B. doctors who try to profit from patients who suffer from unhealthy food

C. workers who try to cheat customers for the benefits of food producers

D. agricultural technicians who are responsible for promoting new product

D.

LONDON (Reuters) — Quiet please — Britain’ s Queen Elizabeth is preparing to have her swans counted. Buckingham Palace has announced that the annual Swan Upping, a tradition dating back to the 12th century which involves a census of the swan population on the River Thames, will be conducted by the Queen’ s official Swan Marker from July 20 to 24. “With the assistance of the Queen’ s Swan Warden, Professor Christopher Perrins of the University of Oxford, the swans and young cygnets (小天鹅) are also assessed for any signs of injury or disease，” Buckingham Palace said in announcing the count. The process involves the Swan Marker, David Barber, rowing up the Thames for five days with the Swan Warden in traditional skiffs while wearing special scarlet uniforms and counting, weighing and measuring swans and cygnets. It may seem eccentric, but it is very important to the Queen, According to custom, Britain’ s sovereign owns all unmarked, mute swans in open water, but the Queen now exercises the right only on stretches of the Thames and its nearby tributaries. In medieval times, the Swan Marker would not only travel up the river counting the swans, but would catch as many as possible as they were sought after for banquets and feasts.This year, the Swan Marker and the Swan Warden are particularly keen to discover how much damage is being caused to swans and cygnets by attacks from dogs and from discarded fishing tackle (渔具)． It is also an important year because Queen Elizabeth has decided to join her team of Swan Uppers for part of the census. She will follow them up the river and visit a local school project on the whole subject of swans, cygnets and the Thames. “Education and conservation are essential to the role of Swan Upping and the involvement of school children is always a rewarding experience，” Buckingham Palace said.13．We can infe