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THE INFINITIVE

不定式

Revision

句子

简单句 并列句 复合句

简单句

S+V

S+V+O

S+V+P

S+V+O1+O2

S+V+O+C

非谓语动词

to do

doing

done

She cried.

I love you.

I am a teacher.

He gave me a book.

He made me angry.

1.不定式的用法

一、不定式

1) 主语

To go to a famous university is my dream.

To go to a famous university

It is my dream to go to a famous university.

It is right to tell her the truth.

2) 宾语

All of us want to go to famous universities.

to go to famous universities

I find it interesting to work with her.

3) 宾补

在主+谓+宾+宾补句型中，不定式结构可作宾语补语。

She told me to get up early.

I advised him to listen carefully in class.

I saw him draw pictures.

在 feel, hear, see, listen to, notice, watch, let, make, have, observe等动词之后，不定式通常不带 to。

但若这些动词用于被动语态，其后的不定式就需要带 “to”.

The boss made the workers work day and night.

The workers were made to work day and night.

except besides but

有 do 无 to, 无 do 则 to

His sister could do nothing but cry.

His sister had no choice but to cry.

4) 定语

I’ve got some interesting books for you to read.

He is looking for a room to live in.

（重要考点）

5) 状语 (目的，结果，原因)

He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.

He was excited to hear the news.

only to do

表示一种出乎预料的（通常是不愉快的）结果。

I hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.

6) 表语

My job is to teach English.

7) 独立成分(独立主格结构)

To tell you the truth, I killed him.

With a lot of problems to solve, I didn’t sleep well.

2. 不定式的语态

1) 作定语时的语态

Have you got anything to send?

Have you got anything to be sent?

2) 表语形容词后用主动形式

The question is difficult to answer.

3) There be 结构中主被动都可以

“Do you have any clothes to be washed?” asked the servant.

3. 不定式的时态

to do

to be doing

to have done

I saw him go out.

He pretended to be reading English when I passed him.

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

4. 不定式的省略

1) 当一个不定式被省略时，下列情况一定要保留to.

used to, be glad/happy to, would like to, mean to, be going to, try to, prefer to, ought to, plan to , want to.

----Would you like to go to the cinema with me? ----I’d like to.

2) 若不定式后面是be, have, 则be, have 要保留。

----Are you a film star?

---- No, but I used to be.

5. 疑问词+不定式（名词）

I don’t know what to say

what I should say

How to solve the problem is very important．(主语)My question is when to start. (表语)

6.不定式的否定形式

We decided not to buy the house.

The teacher asked us not to make noise in class.