以下为课件内提取的文本内容，仅供参考：

Grammar

The Infinitive

What functions

can it be used as?

动词不定式( 短语 )在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。　　

Subject; Object; Predictive

Attribute; Adverbial

Object Complement

The characteristics of

The Infinitive

1、动词不定式是一种

非谓语动词，不能

充当谓语！

2、仍具有动词的特性，

可以有时态、语态

的变化，也可以有

自己的宾语、状语。

不定式的用法

1. It is right to give up smoking.

2. She wanted to borrow my bike.

3. I came here to see you.

4. He needs a room to live in.

5. I asked him to do the work with

me.

6. My wish is to become a doctor.

主语

宾语

状语

定语

宾补

表语

Please pick out the Infinitive

1. To swim in the sea is great fun.

2. It is great fun to swim in the sea.

3. I meant to help you but I was too busy.

4. I can’t afford to buy a car.

5. The guard forbade me to enter.

6. I noticed tears come into his eyes.

7. The question is where to find water.

(not) to make

(not) to have made

(not) to be making

(not) to have

been making

(not) to be made

(not) to have been

made

动词不定式的构成与形式

make

1. Subject 主语

1. To finish the work in ten minutes

is very hard.

It is very hard to finish the

work in ten minutes.

2. To lose your heart means failure.

It means failure to lose your heart.

Summary

1. To find the way is really difficult.

动词不定式作主语

2. It is hard for stranger to find the way.

it 作形式主语，动词不定式做真正主语； It + adj +for sb+ to do

3. It’s really kind of you to help me.

it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语； It + adj +of sb+ to do

It is + easy, difficult, hard, important,

impossible, possible, necessary,

unnecessary, interesting

+ for sb. to do sth.

2) It is + kind, good, nice, wise, clever,

foolish, right, wrong, careful,

careless, polite, impolite

+ of sb. to do sth.

Do you think you know

the following?

1) 对于珍妮来说通过考试是困难。

It is hard/difficult for Jane to pass

the examination.

2) 凯特有礼貌的把她的坐位让给老奶奶。

It is polite of Kate to give her

seat to the grandma.

2. Translate the Chinese into

English with infinitive.

2. Predicative 表语

1) Her job is to clean the hall.

2) He appears to have caught a cold.

Please do remember the Link verbs

1) be

2) 静态：lie, stay, remain, stand, keep…

3) 动态（变化): turn, get, become, grow…

4) 感官: taste, seem, smell, feel, …

Exercises

Jane: What is your plan for the summer  vacation?

Mary: My plan is __________________.

What about you?

Jane: My wish is ____________________.  Summary

动词不定式作表语时，主语经常是

dream, plan, wish, business 等。

to visit New York

to go to the north pole

3. Object 宾语

We agreed to meet here, but so far

she has not turn up yet.

2. Marx found it important to study the

situation in Russia.

I. 常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有 :

want, hope, wish, offer, prefer, plan,

learn, help, pretend, refuse, agree,

promise, fail, manage etc.

II. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,

在句中充当主语、宾语、表语。

The book explain how to solve

the problem.

2) When to go for an outing is still

under discussion.

3) My question was where to get

the books.

III. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语

1) I have no choice but to stay here.

2) He did nothing last Sunday but

repair his bike.

1.The workers want us ______

together with them.

A. work B. working

C. to work D. worked

2. There isn’t any difference

between the two. I really

don’t know ______.

A. where to choose

B. which to choose

　 C. to choose what 　

D. to choose which

3.— Have you decided when ______?

　— Yes, tomorrow morning.

A. to leave

B. to be leaving

C. will you leave　

D. are you leaving

Fill in the blank

1)我知道在一天中完成这么多的

作业是不可能的。

I ___________________________

so much homework in a day.

2) 我们认为遵守法律是十分重要的。

We think _________________________ .

We think __________________________.

know it impossible to finish

it important to obey the law

it is important to obey the law

4. Object complement 宾补

在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语

1) My mother asked me to wash the clothes.

2) Don’t make them do it if…

以下动词常跟这种复合宾语:

want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit,

help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare,

cause, force, call on, wait for, invite

II.有些动词与不带有to的不定式

连用,但变被动语态时,不定式

要加to

吾看三室两厅一感觉

五看

三使役

两听

一感觉

make, let, have

watch see notice look (at) observe

listen to, hear

feel

1) I saw him cross the road with….

2) He was seen to cross the road with….

1. I saw him _______

out of the room.

A. go

B. had gone

C. has gone

2. I’ve heard him ____

about you often.

　 A. spoke　

B. speaks 　　

C. speak

3. John was made ___

the truck for a week  as a punishment.

　 A. to wash

B. washing 　　

C. wash　

5. Attribute 定语

注意I 1. 通常在所修饰的名词或代词之

后，构成主谓或动宾关系；

2. 主动表被动；

3. 表示将来；

4. 用来修饰被最高级、序数词或

no, all, any等限定的中心词;

5. 用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常

见的有：

ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse,

promise, answer, reply, attempt,

belief, way, reason, moment, time

1) The next train to arrive is from New York.

2) He was always the first person to leave.

3) He has too many things to do.

4) I have nothing to say on this question.

5) Your question is difficult to answer.

6) I’m busy preparing for the exam to come

in a few weeks.

7) He was the last student to come.

II. 如不定式为不及物动词，其后

应有介词

He is a pleasant person to work with.

I have only a small room to live in.

I need a pen to write with.

He has no place to______.

live

但是如果不定式修饰 time, place, way，

可以省略介词

Exercises

Please translate the following sentences

into English:.

1) 请给我一支能够用来写字的笔。

Please give me a pen to write with.

2) 我不确定去哪家餐馆吃饭。

I’m not sure which restaurant to eat at.

6. Adverbial 状语

I . 表目的

He worked day and night to get the money.

She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.

注意: 当不定式作状语放于句首时，不

定式的逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：

To save money, every means has been tried.

To save money, he has tried every means.

To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.

To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.

II.表原因

1) I am glad/sorry to hear that.

2) You are very kind to help us.

III. 表结果

1) He arrived late to find the train gone.

2) She was too young to understand all

that.

常用only放在不定式前表示强调 ---

I visited him only to find him out.

Exercises

I. Please translate the following sentences:

1) 我去音像店是为了买些CD。

I go to the disk shop to by some CD.

2)简很喜欢和她朋友一起在周末看电影。

Jane was glad to see a film with her friends  in the weekend.

3)我匆忙到那里，却发现他走了。

I hurried to get there only to find him

out.

1. Tell him ____ the window.

A. to shut not

B. not to shut

C. to not shut

D. not shut

2. Little Jim should love

___ to the theatre this

evening.

A. to be taken

B. to take

C. being taken

D. taking

3. It was stupid ______

your advice.

A. for me not to take

B. of me not taking

C. for me not taking

D. of me not to take

4. --- I wish I could buy one of

those beautiful dogs.

--- I’m afraid they wouldn’t

allow _____ in the hotel.

A. you keeping it

B. they you keep it

C. you to keep it

D. you keep it

5. I ___ to school, only___

that it was a holiday.

A. hurry; to find

B. hurried; to find

C. had hurried; finding

D. have hurried; finding

Look at the grammar exercise

on P.84

Answers to Exercise 2

1) I find it interesting to read.

2) I found it difficult to reach him.

3) I find it easy to get on well with him.

4) I found it impossible to answer the

last question.

5) I found it hard to make him say “yes”.

Answers to Exercise 3

I choose to study physics to learn

more about the universe.

2. I want to become a scientist to answer questions about life and the world.

3. I want to travel to outer space to observe other stars and planets.

4. I surf the Internet to find useful information and to have fun.

5. I always ask questions to learn more .

Homework

Describe a famous scientist within 80 words.

Finish exercises to Unit 1 and pick out your questions.

Have a nice day,

everybody!