Unit 13 The world's population
【例1】 用英文写出下列数字
1. 295 _________ 2. 6,895_________
3. 49,604 _________ 4. 39,458,342 _________
5. 3,948,584,236_______ 6. 33,945,880,853_______
答案:1. two hundred and ninety-five(十位数与百位数之间有and。hundred不用复数) 2. six thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five(十位数与百位数之间有and。thousand不用复数) 3. forty-nine thousand, six hundred and four(十位数与百位数之间有and。Thousand不用复数) 4. thirty-nine million, four hundred and fifty-eight thousand, three hundred and forty-two(十位数与百位数之间有and。million, thousand, hundred 不用复数) 5. three billion, nine hundred and forty-eight million, fifty hundred and eighty-four thousand. two hundred and thirty-six(十位数与百位数之间有and。billion, million, thousand, hundred不用复数) 6. thirty-three billion, nine hundred and forty -five million, eight hundred and eighty thousand, eight hundred and fifty-three(十位数与百位数之间有and。billion, million, thousand, hundred不用复数)
【例2】There’ll not be enough space even to stand on the earth.(改错)
A B C D
(就是在地球上站着,也没有足够的地方了。)
分析与解答 选项A表示there be结构的将来时,不错。选项B中space为不可数名词,而enough修饰名词,既可前置也可后置,也不错。选项D是固定词组,不错。因此,只有选项C有可能错。
一般来说,不及物动词是不能直接与名词或代词连用的,一定要在它们之间加上适当的介词。stand正是个这样的不及物动词,所以要在其后加一个适当的介词,才能带上space作宾语。如果它们以正常的语序出现,就极易看出其错误之处了。stand space(×);stand in spate(√)。所以选项C是错的,应改为to stand in。同理,你可以看出下面两句括号中的介词也是不能省略的。
(l)Can you tell me which floor he lives(on)?
(2)Please give me a pen to write(with).
【例3】________the population of Germany?
A. How many are B. much is C. What are D. What is
分析与解答 population表示“人口数目”(the number of people living in a certain area, city, country, etc.),是一个表示抽象概念的名词,总是使用单数形式。虽然population还可以表示“the people living in a certain Place”之意,当作集体名词。但是,它究竟指单数(侧重表示一个整体)还是指复数(侧重表示该整体的许多个体),是要根据具体的语境而定的。而在上例中,population是视作“人口数目”,所以它及其谓语动词都只能用单数形式。由此,选项A与C都是错的。另外,对population这一名词提问时,要用What,所以选项D是正确的。试比较:How many people are there in Germany?
另外,修饰 population的形容词与修饰the number的形容词一样,只能用big(large)与small;用来指代它时,一般用that或it。
例:China’s population is much larger than that of Australia.
下面再举一句例句,句中population侧重的是许多个体,所以其后的动词用复数。
Three quarters of the population of this city are business people.这个城市的四分之三的人是商人。
【例4】What’s the population of China?(使改写后的句子保持原意)
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______in China?
分析与解答 除了用What’s the population of…?来对“人口有多少”提问,还能用people 来问。但是一般来讲,people是可数名词的复数形式。所以,本题的正确答案是:How;many;people;are there.
那么下面各句又应怎样转换成其同义句呢?
(1)What was the population of Japan in 1985?
_______ _______ _______ _______ Japan _______ in 1985?
(2)What’s the number of the students in your school?
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ in your school?