Unit 7 Earthquakes

扩展资料

Earthquakes with the most casualties in 2002

February 3, Turkey, 6.5
　　At least 44 people killed, 318 injured and 622 buildings damaged in Afyon Province. Felt in much of west-central Turkey. Also felt in the Dodecanese Islands, Greece. Maximum acceleration of 0.113 g was recorded at Afyon. Preliminary reports indicate 30 km of surface faulting with vertical offset in the Cay-Sultandagi area. Two new hot springs formed in the area and others changed their flow rates. Most of this information was obtained from reports on the websites of Bogazici University, Turkey and GeoForschungZentrum Potsdam, Germany.

March 3, Hindu Kush Region, Afganistan, 7.4
　　At least 150 people killed, several injured and 400 houses damaged or destroyed by a landslide that dammed and flooded Surkundara Valley, Samanghan Province. At least 13 people killed at Kabul and Rustaq and 3 people killed at Bajaua, Pakistan. At least 300 houses destroyed in Badakhshan and Takhar Provinces. A 50 yard wide fissure opened in Xiker Reservoir in Xinjiang Province, China. Felt in much of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Also felt in India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Xinjiang, China.

March 25, Hindu Kush Region, Afghanistan, 6.1
　　At least 1,000 people killed, several hundred injured and several thousand homeless in Baghlan Province. At least 1,500 houses destroyed or damaged at Nahrin and several hundred more in other areas of Baghlan Province. Landslides blocked many roads in the epicentral area. Felt strongly in much of northern Afghanistan. Also felt in the Islamabad-Peshawar area, Pakistan and at Dushanbe, Tajikistan.

June 22, Western Iran, 6.5
　　At least 227 people reported killed, at least 1600 injured and extensive damage in the Buin Zahra-Avaj area. Felt strongly in much of western Iran including Tehran.

Tangshan, China, M8.2 Earthquake

More Notable Earthquake Reports：
　　On July 28, 1976, at 3:42 a.m. local time, a powerful earthquake registering M8.2 occurred in northeastern China about 95 miles east of Peking near Tangshan, an industrial city of about 1 million people. Many eye witnesses said they saw a bright flashed across the sky which was followed by a deafening roar just before the shaking began.
　　Vigorous shaking lasted for several 10's of seconds and registered a Modified Mercalli Intensity rating of XI at the epicenter (a relative scale rating the intensity of shaking from 1-12 in Roman numerals). A robust aftershock sequence followed and culminated about 18 hours later when another powerful M7.6 earthquake struck just outside Tangshan. Buildings that were partially damaged during the first temblor were wrecked by the second and many participating in rescue attempts were killed. The city was described by some as being totally destroyed, with few buildings left standing.
　　Officially, the Chinese government estimated between 240,000 and 250,000 people were killed with an additional +600,000 were injured. In the decades since the quake, the death toll has been estimated closer to half a million. Either number would make this the most deadly quake in the twentieth century.
　　The quake was centered along the Tancheng-Lujiang, or Tan-Lu, fault , a large north-northeast - south-southwest trending fault system which extends for over 3,200 miles from the north bank of the Yangtze River in eastern China across the Russian border. The motion of the fault during was predominantly strike-slip with maximum horizontal displacements on the order of 7 meters or 22 feet.