Unit 14 Shopping

　　【例1 】He asked if I ______the book. He wanted to read it.

　　　A. read　　　　B. was reading

　　　C. have read　　D. had read

　　本题答案：D

　　分析与解答：根据题意得知，“他想读这本书，问我是否看完了”。主句动词是一般过去时，从句动作发生在其之前，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态。其主要表示过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作。它的构成是助动词had+过去分词。

　　这个时态的时间状语常用by，before，at等构成的介词短语；或者出现在when，before，after等引导的时间状语从句中，通过上下文来表现“过去的过去”的概念。例如：

　　（1）How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上学期末你们学了多少英文歌曲？

　　（2）The film had been on for ten minutes when I got to the cinema．我到电影院时电影已经开演十分钟了。

　　（3）They had left before I arrived．我来之前他们已经离开了。

　　【例2 】He is so young that he can't go to school．（改为简单句）

　　本题答案：He is too young to go to school．

　　分析与解答：so…that…意思是“如此……以致……”，引导结果状语从句。当从句是肯定形式时，可以用…enough to do sth。改写为简单句；当从句是否定形式时，可以用too…to改写为简单句。当主句与从句的主语不一致时，要在不定式前加逻辑主语for sb．例如：

　　（1）She was so weak that she couldn't take care of the child =She was too weak to take care of the child．她身体太差，照顾不了小孩子。

　　（2）The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. = The box is too heavy for me to carry．箱子太沉，我搬不动。

　　（3）The ice here is so thick that you can skate on it. = The ice here is thick enough for you to skate on．这儿的冰很厚，你可以在上面滑冰。

　　注意：在由so…that…引导的状语从句中，如果so前面是系动词be，become，feel等，那么，后面一般跟形容词。如果so前面是其他行为动词，那么so后面跟副词。例如：

　　（1）This film is so interesting that I want to see it again．这部电影太有意思，我想再看一遍。

　　（2）The teacher spoke so loudly that all the students could hear him clearly．老师说话声音很大，所有的学生都能很清楚地听到。

　　【例3】 编对话的写作训练

　　请根据下面的提示，完成Tom与售货员之间的对话。（售货员为A, Tom为B）

　　1. Tom要买一套深兰色的衣服。服装很得体，价格较便宜，只有148美元。

　　2. 售货员又向他推销一双黑鞋，鞋很合脚。

　　[提示]

　　英语会话有许多种形式，其中购物是最常见的一种。它属于口语交际范畴，所以交际环境决定交际的内容和表达方式。

　　英语购物会话应充分理解对话的上下文语境，在此基础上，根据提示，抓住对话的中心，保持统一话题，使对话内容有序而又连贯、得体。因为是口语，常有省略、插入语、缩略等情况，所以会话的句子短小，语言简练，应依据英语的句型结构要求完成对话。

　　购物，一般由售货员先向顾客打招呼，可以说Good morning! What can I do for you? 等等。然后，顾客说明要买何物以及式样、尺寸和颜色等。

　　[范文]

　　A: Good morning, sir! What can I do for you?

　　B: I’m looking for a suit.

　　A: A suit? OK. This way, please. Here are suits for gentlemen. We have almost all sizes and colours. What size do you want?

　　B: Size 195.

　　A: What colour?

　　B: Dark blue.

　　A: OK. What do you think of this one?

　　B: It looks nice. May I try it on?

　　A: Of course. Let me help you. Mmm, it fits you quite well. You look handsome in this suit.

　　B: How much does it cost?

　　A: Not dear. Only 148 dollars.

　　B: It’s just the right size, colour and price I’d like. I’ll take it.

　　A: Is that all? Would you like to have a look at a pair of shoes. There are many kinds of shoes  made all over the world. I think you will like them and there must be one pair that fits you well. It is true that you need one.

　　B: Have you got any black shoes?

　　A: Black is the most popular colour, I think. What size do you want?

　　B: Size 45.

　　A: Black shoes in size 45? OK. Wait a minute. Look! This one with the brand Crocodile. It is well known around the world. How do you like it?

　　B: It looks nice. Shall I try them on?

　　A: Certainly.

　　B: They are very cool. They fit me very well. What’s the price?

　　A: They are cheap. 99 dollars.

　　B: OK. I’ll have it. Here is the money.

　　A: Thank you, sir. You are welcome here next time.

　　B: Goodbye!

　　A: Bye-bye!

　　此篇短文符合英语会话习惯，意思连贯，用词讲究，特别是购物语言和礼貌用语的使用，准确、得体。我们还能看得出售货员高超的售货技巧和规范的职业道德，充分体现了顾客是上帝的原则，使读者从中得到良好的教益。

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