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Unit 18 Office equipment

作者:未知来源:中央电教馆时间:2006/4/17 20:29:54阅读:nyq
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教学建议

  本单元介绍了有关办公自动化方面的知识,在第70课的课文中还讲述了一起重大火灾事故及其前困后果。两篇课文一篇是说明文,一篇是记叙文,文中都含有大量关于表语的用法,这也是本单元在语法方面的重点复习内容。
  写英文信是本单元在书面表达方面的要求。不过,本单元要求学生学会答复商业信函。这就一点而言,其要求还是比较高的。
1. fitting,equipment,apparatus,instrument
  1)fitting口语中常用复数形式指“装置;设备;器材”如:
gas(electric light) fittings煤气(电灯)装置, office(bathroom) fitting办公室(浴室)的设备。
  2)equipment装备,设备(属不可数名词)。如:
  heating equipment供暖设备,Introduce a great deal of Industry   equipment引进大批工业设备,medical equipment医疗器械。
  3)instrument是可数名词“仪器;器具;工具;乐器”。如:
  They measure the temperature with a new-type instrument.
  He can play on several musical Instruments.
2.It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
  1)“It is better to do sth.” 含义是“最好做……”,是个表示建议的固定句型,相当于“had better do”。
  It is better to go to school now. 现在最好上学去。
  It is better to take a bus there. 最好乘公共汽车去那儿。
  2) rush sb. off one's feet意为“使忙得不亦乐乎,使忙得不可开交”,用于非正式文体中,常以被动形式出现。
  I am busy with my homework. I am rushed off my feet.
  We're rushed off our feet with this book.
3. following是定语形容词,意为接着的,跟着来的。如:
  On the following day after their arrival, they were forced to stay at he hotel by a storm. 他们到达的第二天,就因为一场暴风雨而被迫呆在饭店里。
  It was arranged that they should leave the following spring. 安排他们在第二天春天离开。
4. have + n. / pron. + -ing结构意为让某人做某事,让某情况发生,其中的-ing形式作宾语补足语。如:
  She'll have you doing all the homework if you're not careful. 如果你粗心,她会要做所有的家庭作业。
  I have the car waiting.我让汽车等着。
  I can't have yon catching cold.我不能让你患感冒。
Have+ n./pron.+v.也表示让某人做某事,让某情况发生。如:
  Don't forget to have him come.别忘了要他来。
  I won't have him cheat me.我不允许他欺骗我。
5. must可表示推论或揣测房为准是,想必,一定是。must后跟不定式完成式即must have+过去分词,表示对过去发生的事情的揣测。如:
  The boy kept crying last night.He must have had some problem.小孩昨夜哭个不停。他准是有什么问题。
  His watch must have stopped.I will go and call him.他的表肯定停了。我去喊他。
  must表示推论或揣测后跟不定式进行式,即must+ be + v-ing,表示想必此刻正在进行的动作。如:
  If he is borrowing money,he must be getting into debt.如果他借钱,他肯定正陷入债务。
  表语说明主语的身份、类属、特征、状态等作表语。通常由名词、代词、形容词、分词、动词不定式等充当。如:
  His brother is a teacher.他兄弟是教师。(名词作表语)
  The umbrella is not mine.雨伞不是我的。(代词作表语)
  He feels much better today.他今天感觉好多了。(形容词作表语)
  The problem remained unsolved until last year.问题直到去年才解决。(过去分词作表语)
  Four times five is/are twenty.四乘五等于二十。(数词作表语)
  The boy's wish is to become a doctor.男孩的愿望是成为医生。(动词不定式作表语)
  Her work is looking after patients.她的工作是照看病人。(动词-ing形式作表语)
  I must be off now.我该走了。(副词作表语)
  My suggestion is that you go and send for a doctor at once.我的建议是你立即去请个医生。(从句作表语)
6. There had been fuel on the ship, but this did not appear to    have caused the fire, and little smoke was produced.
There had been fuel . . 是过去完成时态。因为上文一直用的是一般过去时,在此说明这个动作是表示过去的过去。
  but this did not appear to have caused the fire
  是不定式的完成式,它表示不定式的动作是在渭语动词所表示的动作之前发生的。如:
  I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。
  He happened to have seen the film before. 他碰巧以前看过这部电影。

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