Unit 14 Satellites

扩展资料

China Way to outer Space

　　China sent its first man-mad satellite, Dongfanghong-1,into space in 1970, becoming the fifth country that had this capacity(能力)., following the Soviet Union, the United States, France and Japan.
　　With the successful launching(发射), China started its exploration into space, and has become one of the major space powers(大国) in the world after 30 years of development.
At 6:30a.m. on November 20, 1999, a spacecraft(宇宙飞船) named Shenzhou blasted off into space from the Jiuquan Satellite Launching Centre(酒泉卫星发射中心) in northwest China’s Gansu Province, aboard(搭载) a new type of Long March carrier rocket(运载火箭).
　　After a 21-hour test mission(任务), Shenzhou, China’s first spacecraft, successfully landed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(内蒙).
　　Beginning with the Dongfanghong-1 satellite and ending with the Shenzhou spacecraft, China’s space industry has undergone(经历) 30 years of exploration. Today, the nation has set up a regular spacecraft development system, and its space undertakings事业) have entered a new era(时代) of rapid development.
　　China’s space development has witnessed(见证) great changes over the past 30 years, Satellite models have been diversified(多样化), and development technology has expanded(扩大) in 　possibilities and is more open, Today satellites are used not only for scientific research, but also for serving public needs.
　　Chinese scientists have so far developed more than 40 satellites and spacecrafts Although Chinese astronauts did not go into space with Shenzhou, they spared no effort in their training and are ready to go at any time. At present, analysis(分析) of the results of the Shezhou spacecraft’s test mission is still under way. China will make further improvements of various systems in the spacecraft and will launch several additional(另外的) unmanned flights (飞行)before sending astronauts into space with them.

What is a satellite anyway?

　　A satellite is any object that orbits or revolves around another object. For example, the Moon is a satellite of Earth, and Earth is a satellite of the Sun.
Orbiting Machines
　　In this exhibit we'll look at the man-made satellites that orbit Earth and the Sun -- highly specialized tools that do thousands of tasks every day. Each of these satellites has many parts, but two parts common to all satellites are called the payload and the bus.

Satellite Elements
　　The payload is all the equipment a satellite needs to do its job. This can include antennas, cameras, radar, and electronics. The payload is different for every satellite. For example, the payload for a weather satellite includes cameras to take pictures of cloud formations, while the payload for a communications satellite includes large antennas to transmit TV or telephone signals to Earth. The bus is the part of the satellite that carries the payload and all its equipment into space. It holds all the satellite's parts together and provides electrical power, computers, and propulsion to the spacecraft. The bus also contains equipment that allows the satellite to communicate with Earth.

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