点击高考中的名词性从句word版

　　点击08高考中的名词性从句

　　名词性从句是历年高考中的一个重点考查的语言项目。并且每年的命题各有变化。下面结合08年高考中的各地高考中的题目分析一下在08年中的名词性从句的考点。

　　在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

　　一、主语从句

　　作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。

　　例1. It has been proved ____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.(2008 上海卷)

　　if B.because C.when D.that

　　解析：此题考查的是主语从句。本题是典型的it做形式主语，而实际的主语____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life则位于句末。主语从句不缺成份。句译为：已经证明儿童时期吃蔬菜会帮助你在后期的生活中免受严重疾病的侵袭。所以选D。

　　例2. ___ was most important to her,she told me ,was her family.(2008山东卷)

　　It B.This C. What D.As

　　解析：此题考查的是主语从句。本题的句子语序是干扰学生做题的一项。其正常语序为she told me ___ was most important to her was her family.由此看来是考查的宾语从句 ___ was most important to her was her family.中的主语从句___ was most important to her，而它缺少主语成份。所以选C。

　　二、宾语从句

　　名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

　　例3. The companies are working together to create ___ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.(2008北京卷)

　　which B. that C. what D. who

　　解析：此题考查的是宾语从句。 ___ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century是动词create的宾语从句。在从句中，they hope 是插入语。句中缺少主语，所以选C。

　　例4.People in Chongqing are proud of ____ they have achieved in the past two years.(2008重庆卷)

　　A.that B.which C.what D.how

　　解析：此题考查的是宾语从句。题意为: 重庆人民为他们在近两年取得的成就而感到自豪。其中____ they have achieved in the past two years 是介词of的宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少动词achieve的宾语，所以选C。

　　三、表语从句

　　在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。需要注意的是，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。

　　例5. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park.(2008天津卷)

　　where B.how C.when D.why

　　解析：本题考查的是表语从句。主语是The last time we had great fun ，was 是系动词，___ we were visiting the Water Park是表语。题意为：我们玩的很高兴的最后一次是我们在参观水上公园的时候。所以选C。

　　四、同位语从句

　　同位语从句是解释说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由连接词that、whether，连接副词 how,when,where等引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

　　例6. The news ____our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday's newspaper.(2008上海春季卷)

　　which B.whether C.what D.that

　　解析：本题考查的是同位语从句。题意为：昨天的报纸上报道了我们的运动员又赢得了另一块金牌的消息。其中our athletes won another gold medal 是the news的同位语。同位语从句中不缺成份，所以选连接词that。故选D。

　　例7. Tomorrow is Tom's birthday . Have you got any idea ___ the party is to be held? (2008陕西卷)

　　what B.which C.that D.where

　　解析：本题考查的是同位语从句。根据题意的表达为：明天是Tom的生日。你想好聚会在哪儿举行了吗？其中where the party is to be held 是idea的同位语。所以选D。

　　【巩固练习】

　　When asked ____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved .(2008湖南卷)

　　A.what B.why C.whom D.which

　　____ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.(2008上海春季)

　　A. What B. Which C. Whether D.That

　　3.Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's ___ the best jobs are.(2007浙江卷)

　　A.where B.what C.when D.why

　　4.____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing .(2008福建卷)

　　A. It B. What C. As D. Which

　　5.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007全国卷Ⅱ)

　　A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which

　　6.As his best friend ,I can make accurate guesses about ____ he will do or think.(2008上海卷)

　　A.what B.which C.whom D.that

　　7.Having checked the doors were closed ,and ____ all the lights were off,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.(2007湖南卷)

　　A.why B.that C.when D.where

　　The traditional view is ___ we sleep because our brain is

　　" programmed"to make us do so.(2007上海卷)

　　A.when B. why C.whether D.that

　　9.Could I speak to _____ is in charge of International Sales ,please?(2007山东卷)

　　A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who

　　10.You can only be sure of ____ you have at present ;you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future.(2007安徽卷)

　　A. that;what B. what;/ C. which ; that D. /;that

　　答案:1.A2.A3.A4.B5.A6.A7.B8.D9.C10.B